منابع مشابه
Causal and Functional Explanations
Functional explanation, for long the mainstay of psychology’s autonomy, has recently come under attack. It is sometimes argued that higher-level generalizations are causally impotent, and do not really explain anything. Presumably only the reduction of higher-level patterns to underlying causal physical properties, and the specifying of lower-level, local causal mechanisms, provides genuine exp...
متن کاملConstructing and Refining Causal Explanations
Recent work in the field of machine learning has demonstrated the utility of explanation formation as a guide to generalization. Most of these investigations have concentrated on the formation of explanations from consistent domain theories. I present an approach to forming explanations from domain theories which are inconsistent due to the presence of abstractions which suppress potentially re...
متن کاملCausal Explanations in Counterfactual Reasoning
This paper explores the role of causal explanations in evaluating counterfactual conditionals. In reasoning about what would have been the case if A had been true, the localist injunction to hold constant all the variables that causally influence whether A is true or not, is sometimes unreasonably constraining. We hypothesize that speakers may resolve this tension by including in their delibera...
متن کاملCustomized Explanations Using Causal Knowledge
Developers of expert systems have increasingly recognized the importance of explanation capabilities to the acceptance of their programs; such capabilities are also critical in medical consultation system development (Gorry, 1973; Shortliffe, 1980). Good explanations serve four functions a consultation system: (1) they provide a method for examining the program’s reasoning if errors arise when ...
متن کاملStudent’s Causal Explanations for Distribution
This paper presents a case study of two students aged 14-15, as they attempt to make sense of distribution, adopting a range of causal meanings for the variation observed in the animated computer display and in the graphs generated by the simulation. The students’ activity is analysed through dimensions of complex causality. The results indicate support for our conjecture that carefully designe...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
سال: 2018
ISSN: 0007-0882,1464-3537
DOI: 10.1093/bjps/axw023